The Japanese Entoloma Fungus is known only from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara group, Japan.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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syn. Leptonia brunneola S. Ito & S. Imai, Rhodophyllus brunneolus (S. Ito & S. Imai) S. Ito
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom species thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species is known only from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom species thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
The Ogasawara Holly Blue, described in 1886, is endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, where it appears to have been quite common until the 1970s, when its populations began to crash, mainly caused by the loss of their preferred host plant species due to the native vegetation being overrun by introduced invasive alien plants and because of increasing predation by likewise introduced Green Anoles (
Anolis carolinensis Voigt), whose populations are now as high as about 6 million individuals. [1]
The species appears to be extinct in the wild since 2018, when the last individuals were seen.
For some time there had been attempts to establish a captive program: the species was kept in captivity since 2005, once in the Tama Zoological Park and then in the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, both in Tokyo, Japan.
However, these efforts apparently failed, and the last individuals apparently died in 2020.
The Ogasawara Holly Blue is now feared to have been lost.
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References:
[1] Yasuhiro Nakamura: Conservation of butterflies in Japan: status, actions and strategy. Journal of Insect Conservation 15: 5-22. 2011
This species is known from specimens that were collected on the islands of Chichijima and Hahajima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
It is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species is known from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara group, Japan.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species is known only from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom species thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
The Ogasawara Milk-Cap was described in 1940; it is known only from the island of Chichijima, Ogasawara Islands, Japan, where it was found growing amongst the roots of Luchu Pines (Pinus luchuensis Mayr), a tree species that is actually not native to the Ogasawara Islands, thus it is quite possible that this fungus might as well not be a native form. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
The Bonin Milk-Cap was described in 1940; it is known only from Chichijima Island in the Ogasawara islands, Japan.
The species was found amongst the roots of the Luchu Pine (Pinus luchuensis Mayr), a tree species that is not native to the Ogasawara Islands but was artificially introduced from the Ryukyu Islands; thus the fungus might in fact also be native to these island group. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species was described in 1939; it is known from the islands of Chichima and Hahajima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The species was not recorded during recent field studies and might be extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
The Chichijimana Whorl Snail was described in 1916; it is only known from the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The shells reach heights of about 0.24 cm; they are rimate, ovate-conic, pale olive buff and almost smooth but hardly shining, the aperture has eight teeth of which three are on the parietal wall.
The species disappeared sometimes during the middle 20th century.
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Depiction from: ‘George W. Tryon; Henry A. Pilsbry a.o.: Manual of Conchology. Second series: Pulmonata, Vol. 24, Pupillidae (Gastrocoptinae), 1916-1918’
This species was discovered in 1828 when it was apparently still quite common and five specimens were collected … they are all that remains of this species today.
The Bonin Thrush was only ever found on a single island, Chichijima in the Ogasawara archipelago; however, it may well have been more widespread but no records exist. It inhabited coastal forests and was usually found on the forest floor, it may also have bred on the ground.
The species was about 23 cm large; it was warm brown colored and showed darker streaks on its upper side.
Clara’s Hirasiella Snail was described in 1902; it is, or maybe was, endemic to the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The shells reach sizes of about 0,3 cm in height; “Shell sub-perforate, glossy and smooth, yellowish, elevated with convex outlines, bullet-shaped, the periphery rounded, base very convex.” [1]
The species is now possibly extinct. [2]
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References:
[1] H. A. Pilsbry: Notices of new land shells of the Japanese Empire. Nautilus 15: 141-142. 1902
[2] Robert H. Cowie; Claire Régnier; Benoît Fontaine; Philippe Bouchet. Measuring the Sixth Extinction: what do mollusks tell us? The Nautilus 131(1): 3-41. 2017
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Depiction from: ‘Henry August Pilsbry: Papers on Mollusca of Japan. Philadelphia 1901-12’
This species is known only from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species is known from a single locality on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara group, Japan, where it was growing on decaying herbs.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
This species, described in 1939, is known only from two localities on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, where it apparently grew on the stems of tree ferns.
The species is considered extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Kentaro Hosaka; Takahito Kobayashi; Michael A. Castellano; Takamichi Orihara: The status of voucher specimens of mushroom spwcies thought to be extinct from Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Ser. B 44(2): 53-66. 2018
Toyoshima’s Thistle was probably endemic to the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, and appears to be known exclusively from herbarium sheets.
The plant had a basic rosette of larger oak leaf-like shaped leaves, the flowers were about 2 to 2,5 cm in diameter and appear to have been yellowish.
The species was never seen since 1936 and is almost certainly extinct. [1]
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References:
[1] Tetsuto Abe; Katsuyuki Wada; Nobukazu Nakagoshi: Extinction threats of a narrowly endemic shrub, Stachyurus macrocarpus (Stachyuraceae) in the Ogasawara Islands. Plant Ecology 198: 169-183. 2008
This species was described in 1902, it was restricted to the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Island group of Japan.
The shells are quite large for the genus, they reach heights of about 0,33 cm and are up to about 0,67 cm in diameter, they are depressed, lens-shaped, brown, dull and densely striate above, paler and somewhat glossy beneath.
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References:
[1] Henry A. Pilsbry: New land mollusks of the Japanese Empire. The Nautilus 16(4): 45-47. 1902
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Photo from: ‘Y. Hirase: The Conchological Magazine 1(1). 1907’
The Bonin Wood Pigeon is known only from four specimens, which had been collected on two of the Ogasawara Islands, namely Chichijima and Nakodojima, however, it may formerly of course have occurred on other islands of the archipelago as well.
Friedrich Heinrich von Kittlitz, the discoverer of this spescies, writes in his work ‘Kupfertafeln zur Naturgeschichte der Vögel’ about this bird:
“I saw it [Columba janthina] often on the island group of Boninsima, here it lives with Fig.2. (C. versicolor mihi) ,which, as a species, is visibly different albeit very similar to it, but thereby occurring much more scarcer. In al sexual- and age disparities the difference of both in colour and size is noticeable, in food and lifestyle they are incidentally closely related. They survive singly or pairwise, and readily feed, amongst other things, fruits of the local fan palm.”
The Bonin Wood Pigeon, whose Japanes name is Ogasawara-Karasubato, reached a body length of 45 cm.
The species disappeared sometimes after 1889, an exact extinction date is not known.
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References:
[1] Friedrich Heinrich von Kittlitz: Kupfertafeln zur Naturgeschichte der Vögel. Frankfurt am Main: Johann David Sauerländer 1832-1833 [2] Dieter Luther: Die ausgestorbenen Vögel der Welt. Westarp Wissenschaften 1986 [3] Errol Fuller: Extinct Birds. Penguin Books (England) 1987 [4] David Gibbs, Eustace Barnes, John Cox: Pigeons and Doves, A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World. Pica Press, Sussex 2001
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Depiction from: ‘Friedrich Heinrich von Kittlitz: Kupfertafeln zur Naturgeschichte der Vögel. Frankfurt am Main: Johann David Sauerländer 1832-1833’
This species was described in 1850, it is known from subfossil specimens that were recovered from Holocene deposits at the Kominato Beach on southern Chichijima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan.
The shells are quite large, some are white and bear two to four brown bands, some are unicolored brown without bands. [1]
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The species was for some time thought to be identical with the Minamizaki Mandarina Snail. [1]
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The Pallas Mandarina died out because of natural climatic changes that lead to a rise of the temperatures making the habitat becoming dryer.
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References:
[1] Satoshi Chiba: Taxonomic revision of the fossil land snail species of the genus Mandarina in the Ogasawara Islands. Paleontological Research 11(4): 317-329. 2007
The Ogasawara Whorl Snail inhabited the islands of Chichijima and probably Ototojima in the Ogasawara Island group, Japan.
The reasons for the extinction of this snail species are the same as for the closely related Chichijima Whorl Snail (Gastrocopta chichijimana Pilsbry).
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Depiction from: ‘George W. Tryon; Henry A. Pilsbry a.o.: Manual of Conchology. Second series: Pulmonata, Vol. 24, Pupillidae (Gastrocoptinae), 1916-1918’
(public domain)
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References:
[1] Takashi Ohbayashi; Isamu Okochi; Hiroki Sato; Tsuyoshi Ono: Food habit of Platydemus manokwari De Beauchamp, 1962 (Tricladida: Terricola: Rhynchodemidae), known as a predatory flatworm of land snails in the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan. Entomology and Zoology 40: 609-614. 2005
