The pedicellate Aniba is known exclusively from the type collection that was made in 1938 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The species was not found since and might be extinct.
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edited: 14.11.2021
Rio de Janeiro Myrtle (Campomanesia lundiana)
This species was restricted to the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, it is known only from the type material which was collected in 1825.
The species was never found again and is considered extinct.
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The photo below shows an unspecified congeneric species that was photographed in the remains of the Atlantic forest in the state Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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edited: 05.02.2024
This species was described in 1870, it was endemic to its type locality, the Laranjeiras Rainforest, a part of the coastal rainforests along the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The species has never been found since and is probably extinct.
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edited: 14.08.2022
Schott’s Calycorectes (Calycorectes schottianus)
Schott’s Calycorectes is, or was, a tree species endemic to the Atlantic Forest of the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
The species was apparently not recorded during recent surveys and is considered likely extinct.
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edited: 04.05.2019
Rio de Janeiro Antwren (Myrmotherula fluminensis)
This enigmatic species of bird was described in 1988 on the basis of a single individual, which was caught during ornithological field studies in an isolated and intensely disturbed woodlot in the Magé District in the center of the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro.
The species may possibly exist in the nearby Guapi Açu Ecological Reserve, since in the 1990s some birds were seen here, that could turn out to be of this species – these sightings, however, remain unconfirmed. Since the region is now lacking most intact wooded areas, the survival of this species is questionable.
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The Rio de Janeiro Antwren may in fact not even be a distinct species but may be a local variant of the Silvery-flanked Antwren (Myrmotherula (axillaris ssp.) luctuosa Pelzeln) or a hybrid of this and the Unicolored Antwren (Myrmotherula unicolor (Ménétriés)) (see photo).
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edited: 31.08.2019